Nineteen bodies of water across Montana were under hoot-owl restriction as of this week, limiting fishing to the hours between midnight and 2 p.m. At the same point last year the figure was sixteen.
The comparison officials keep reaching for is 2024, one of the most restrictive seasons the state has recorded. Below-normal snowpack going into the summer and hotter-than-normal temperatures through it are the two drivers, and neither is the sort of thing that turns around inside a week.
The restrictions are triggered by water temperature reaching levels dangerous to native trout rather than by a calendar. That means they come off the same way they go on, river by river, as conditions allow.
If you are planning a trip, the list is the thing to check the morning you leave rather than the week you book. It has been moving in both directions all summer.
The short answer to the question everyone asks first is no: the July proposal does not open a grizzly hunt, and will not soon. The bears stay federally threatened. What moves is who handles day-to-day management of roughly 2,000 animals across Wyoming, Montana, Idaho and Washington.
About half of those bears live in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, where populations have met recovery targets on most biological measures. That is the basis on which three states have pressed for delisting for a decade, and the basis on which two previous delistings were overturned in court.
The tiered structure is the part worth reading closely. Flexibility is tied to a state adopting conservation strategies and management plans and hitting demographic objectives, which means the practical rules in a given unit could diverge between states over the next few years rather than moving together.
The premise behind it is that reducing livestock and human conflict is itself conservation, because tolerance is what keeps bears on the landscape. Whether that holds is the argument, and the comment period is where it gets had.